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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington D.C. 20549

_____________________________________

 

FORM 10-Q

_____________________________________

 

(Mark One)

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022

or

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                  to                 

Commission File Number: 001-36522

 

 

Investar Holding Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

 

Louisiana

27-1560715

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 

10500 Coursey Boulevard, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70816

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(225) 227-2222

(Registrants telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common stock, $1.00 par value per share

ISTR

The Nasdaq Global Market

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒   No  ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

  

Emerging growth company

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No ☒

 

The number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s class of common stock, as of the latest practicable date, is as follows: Common stock, $1.00 par value, 10,297,118 shares outstanding as of May 2, 2022.

 

 

 
 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Part I. Financial Information

 
     

Item 1.

Financial Statements (Unaudited)

3

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021

3

 

Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021

4

 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021

5

 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021

6

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021

7

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

9

 

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9

 

Note 2. Business Combinations

14

 

Note 3. Earnings Per Share

15

 

Note 4. Investment Securities

15

 

Note 5. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

18

 

Note 6. Stockholders’ Equity

28

 

Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments

29

 

Note 8. Fair Values of Financial Instruments

30

 

Note 9. Income Taxes

35

 

Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies

35

 

Note 11. Leases

36

  Note 12. Subsequent Events 36

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

37

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

60

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

60

     

Part II. Other Information

61

     

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

61

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

61

Item 6.

Exhibits

63

Signatures

72

 

 

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

 

  

March 31, 2022

  

December 31, 2021

 
  

(Unaudited)

     

ASSETS

        

Cash and due from banks

 $45,700  $38,601 

Interest-bearing balances due from other banks

  45,775   57,940 

Federal funds sold

  130   500 

Cash and cash equivalents

  91,605   97,041 
         

Available for sale securities at fair value (amortized cost of $436,759 and $356,639, respectively)

  413,777   355,509 

Held to maturity securities at amortized cost (estimated fair value of $9,900 and $10,727, respectively)

  9,926   10,255 

Loans held for sale

     620 

Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $21,088 and $20,859, respectively

  1,856,356   1,851,153 

Equity securities

  17,904   16,803 

Bank premises and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $20,016 and $19,149, respectively

  55,204   58,080 

Other real estate owned, net

  3,454   2,653 

Accrued interest receivable

  11,168   11,355 

Deferred tax asset

  6,600   2,239 

Goodwill and other intangible assets, net

  43,804   44,036 

Bank owned life insurance

  51,366   51,074 

Other assets

  11,544   12,385 

Total assets

 $2,572,708  $2,513,203 
         

LIABILITIES

        

Deposits:

        

Noninterest-bearing

 $614,416  $585,465 

Interest-bearing

  1,571,588   1,534,801 

Total deposits

  2,186,004   2,120,266 

Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank

  78,500   78,500 

Repurchase agreements

  1,305   5,783 

Subordinated debt, net of unamortized issuance costs

  43,012   42,989 

Junior subordinated debt

  8,420   8,384 

Accrued taxes and other liabilities

  21,810   14,683 

Total liabilities

  2,339,051   2,270,605 
         

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

        

Preferred stock, no par value per share; 5,000,000 shares authorized

      

Common stock, $1.00 par value per share; 40,000,000 shares authorized; 10,310,212 and 10,343,494 shares issued and outstanding, respectively

  10,310   10,343 

Surplus

  153,531   154,932 

Retained earnings

  85,387   76,160 

Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income

  (15,571)  1,163 

Total stockholders’ equity

  233,657   242,598 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 $2,572,708  $2,513,203 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

 

  

Three months ended March 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

INTEREST INCOME

        

Interest and fees on loans

 $21,726  $21,627 

Interest on investment securities

  1,955   1,179 

Other interest income

  186   163 

Total interest income

  23,867   22,969 
         

INTEREST EXPENSE

        

Interest on deposits

  976   2,302 

Interest on borrowings

  1,070   1,033 

Total interest expense

  2,046   3,335 

Net interest income

  21,821   19,634 
         

Provision for loan losses

  (449)  400 

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

  22,270   19,234 
         

NONINTEREST INCOME

        

Service charges on deposit accounts

  667   491 

Gain on call or sale of investment securities, net

  6   600 

Gain (loss) on sale or disposition of fixed assets, net

  373   (2)

Gain on sale of other real estate owned, net

  41    

Swap termination fee income

  3,344    

Gain on sale of loans

  33    

Servicing fees and fee income on serviced loans

  21   64 

Interchange fees

  498   388 

Income from bank owned life insurance

  292   223 

Change in the fair value of equity securities

  11   65 

Other operating income

  580   536 

Total noninterest income

  5,866   2,365 

Income before noninterest expense

  28,136   21,599 
         

NONINTEREST EXPENSE

        

Depreciation and amortization

  1,155   1,206 

Salaries and employee benefits

  9,021   8,695 

Occupancy

  641   637 

Data processing

  1,006   746 

Marketing

  21   41 

Professional fees

  379   358 

Acquisition expense

     361 

Other operating expenses

  3,210   2,765 

Total noninterest expense

  15,433   14,809 

Income before income tax expense

  12,703   6,790 

Income tax expense

  2,600   1,430 

Net income

 $10,103  $5,360 
         

EARNINGS PER SHARE

        

Basic earnings per share

 $0.98  $0.51 

Diluted earnings per share

  0.97   0.51 

Cash dividends declared per common share

  0.085   0.07 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

  

Three months ended March 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Net income

 $10,103  $5,360 

Other comprehensive (loss) income:

        

Unrealized loss on investment securities:

        

Unrealized loss, available for sale, net of tax benefit of $4,587 and $372, respectively

  (17,259)  (1,401)

Reclassification of realized gain, available for sale, net of tax expense of $1 and $126, respectively

  (5)  (474)

Fair value of derivative financial instruments:

        

Change in fair value of interest rate swaps designated as a cash flow hedge, net of tax expense of $843 and $1,612, respectively

  3,172   6,065 

Reclassification of realized gain, interest rate swap termination, net of tax expense of $702 and $0, respectively

  (2,642)   

Total other comprehensive (loss) income

  (16,734)  4,190 

Total comprehensive (loss) income

 $(6,631) $9,550 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

 

              

Accumulated

     
              

Other

  

Total

 
  

Common

      

Retained

  

Comprehensive

  

Stockholders’

 
  

Stock

  

Surplus

  

Earnings

  

Income (Loss)

  

Equity

 

Three months ended:

                    

March 31, 2021

                    

Balance at beginning of period

 $10,609  $159,485  $71,385  $1,805  $243,284 

Surrendered shares

  (19)  (337)        (356)

Options exercised

  8   107         115 

Dividends declared, $0.07 per share

        (747)     (747)

Stock-based compensation

  64   336         400 

Shares repurchased

  (226)  (3,769)        (3,995)

Net income

        5,360      5,360 

Other comprehensive income, net

           4,190   4,190 

Balance at end of period

 $10,436  $155,822  $75,998  $5,995  $248,251 
                     

March 31, 2022

                    

Balance at beginning of period

 $10,343  $154,932  $76,160  $1,163  $242,598 

Surrendered shares

  (14)  (258)        (272)

Dividends declared, $0.085 per share

        (876)     (876)

Stock-based compensation

  58   324         382 

Shares repurchased

  (77)  (1,467)        (1,544)

Net income

        10,103      10,103 

Other comprehensive loss, net

           (16,734)  (16,734)

Balance at end of period

 $10,310  $153,531  $85,387  $(15,571) $233,657 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited) 

 

  

Three months ended March 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Net income

 $10,103  $5,360 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

        

Depreciation and amortization

  1,155   1,206 

Provision for loan losses

  (449)  400 

Amortization of purchase accounting adjustments

  (63)  (140)

Net amortization of securities

  449   919 

Gain on call or sale of investment securities, net

  (6)  (600)

(Gain) loss on sale or disposition of fixed assets, net

  (373)  2 

Gain on sale of other real estate owned, net

  (41)   

FHLB stock dividend

  (9)  (11)

Stock-based compensation

  382   400 

Deferred taxes

  87   367 

Net change in value of bank owned life insurance

  (292)  (223)

Amortization of subordinated debt issuance costs

  23   23 

Change in the fair value of equity securities

  (11)  (65)

Loans held for sale:

        

Originations

  (624)   

Proceeds from sales

  1,277    

Gain on sale of loans

  (33)   

Net change in:

        

Accrued interest receivable

  186   101 

Other assets

  1,636   933 

Accrued taxes and other liabilities

  6,814   782 

Net cash provided by operating activities

  20,211   9,454 
         

Cash flows from investing activities:

        

Proceeds from sales of investment securities available for sale

     17,123 

Purchases of securities available for sale

  (103,011)  (74,334)

Proceeds from maturities, prepayments and calls of investment securities available for sale

  17,453   21,505 

Proceeds from maturities, prepayments and calls of investment securities held to maturity

  323   458 

Proceeds from redemption or sale of equity securities

  213   435 

Purchases of equity securities

  (1,293)  (523)

Net (increase) decrease in loans

  (1,166)  13,789 

Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned

  859    

Purchases of other real estate owned

     (501)

Proceeds from sales of fixed assets

  2,510    

Purchases of fixed assets

  (317)  (1,429)

Distributions from investments

  3    

Net cash used in investing activities

  (84,426)  (23,477)

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS, CONTINUED

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

        

Net increase in customer deposits

  65,630   122,074 

Net decrease in repurchase agreements

  (4,478)  (1,379)

Net decrease in short-term FHLB advances

     (38,000)

Cash dividends paid on common stock

  (829)  (693)

Proceeds from stock options exercised

     115 

Payments to repurchase common stock

  (1,544)  (3,995)

Net cash provided by financing activities

  58,779   78,122 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

  (5,436)  64,099 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

  97,041   35,368 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

 $91,605  $99,467 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

 

NOTE 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Investar Holding Corporation (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with GAAP. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements have been included. The results of operations for the three month period ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, including the notes thereto, which were included as part of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 9, 2022.

 

Nature of Operations

 

The Company, headquartered in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, provides full banking services, excluding trust services, through its wholly-owned banking subsidiary, Investar Bank, National Association (the “Bank”), a national bank, primarily to meet the needs of individuals, professionals and small to medium-sized businesses. The Company’s primary markets are in Louisiana, Texas and Alabama. At March 31, 2022, the Company operated 23 full service branches located in Louisiana, four full service branches located in Texas and six full service branches located in Alabama, and had 336 employees.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material.

 

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses. While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based on changes in local economic conditions, changes in conditions of our borrowers' industries or changes in the condition of individual borrowers. In addition, regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination. Because of these factors, it is reasonably possible that the allowance for loan losses may change materially in the near term. However, the amount of the change that is reasonably possible cannot be estimated.

 

Other estimates that are susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses, the fair value of stock-based compensation awards, the determination of other-than-temporary impairments of securities, and the fair value of financial instruments and goodwill.

 

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has made certain estimates more challenging, including those discussed above, as the pandemic is unprecedented in recent history, continues to evolve, and its future effects are impossible to predict with any certainty.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

Investment Securities

 

The Company’s investments in debt securities are accounted for in accordance with applicable guidance contained in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), which requires the classification of securities into one of the following categories:

 

 

Securities available for sale (“AFS”): available for sale securities consist of bonds, notes, and debentures that are available to meet the Company’s operating needs. These securities are reported at fair value.

 

 

Securities to be held to maturity (“HTM”): bonds, notes, and debentures for which the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are reported at cost, adjusted for premiums and discounts that are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the period to maturity.

 

Unrealized holding gains and losses, net of tax, on AFS debt securities are reported as a net amount in other comprehensive income. Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities. Realized gains and losses on the sale of debt securities are determined using the specific-identification method.

 

The Company follows FASB guidance related to the recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairment. The guidance specifies that if an entity does not have the intent to sell a debt security and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security prior to recovery, the security would not be considered other-than-temporarily impaired unless there is a credit loss. When an entity does not intend to sell the security, and it is more likely than not that the entity will not have to sell the security before recovery of its cost basis, it will recognize the credit component of an other-than-temporary impairment of a debt security in earnings and the remaining portion in other comprehensive income.

 

Equity Securities

 

The Company is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system. Members of the FHLB are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts. FHLB stock is carried at cost, is restricted as to redemption, and is periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income. Equity securities also include investments in our other correspondent banks including Independent Bankers Financial Corporation and First National Bankers Bank stock. These investments are carried at cost which approximates fair value. The balance of equity securities in our correspondent banks at  March 31, 2022 and  December 31, 2021 was $16.3 million and $15.0 million, respectively.

 

In addition, equity securities include marketable securities in corporate stocks and mutual funds. The estimated fair value of equity securities totaled $1.6 million and $1.8 million at March 31, 2022 and  December 31, 2021, respectively.

 

Loans

 

The Company’s loan portfolio categories include real estate, commercial and consumer loans. Real estate loans are further categorized into construction and development, 1-4 family residential, multifamily, farmland and commercial real estate loans. The consumer loan category includes loans originated through indirect lending. Indirect lending, which is lending initiated through third-party business partners, is largely comprised of loans made through automotive dealerships.

 

Loans for which management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future, or until maturity or pay-off are stated at unpaid principal balances, adjusted by an allowance for loan losses. Interest on loans is calculated by using the simple interest method on daily balances of the principal amount outstanding. Loan origination fees, net of direct loan origination costs, and commitment fees, are deferred and amortized as an adjustment to yield over the life of the loan, or over the commitment period, as applicable. Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Loans are ordinarily placed on nonaccrual when a loan is specifically determined to be impaired or when principal or interest is delinquent for 90 days or more; however, management may elect to continue the accrual when the estimated net realizable value of collateral is sufficient to cover the principal balance and the accrued interest. Any unpaid interest previously accrued on nonaccrual loans is reversed from income. Interest income, generally, is not recognized on specific impaired loans unless the likelihood of further loss is remote. Interest payments received on such loans are applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance. Interest income on other nonaccrual loans is recognized only to the extent of interest payments received. A loan may be returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future principal and interest amounts contractually due are reasonably assured, which is typically evidenced by a sustained period of repayment performance by the borrower.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based upon current information and events, it believes it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. The Company’s impaired loans include troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) and performing and non-performing loans for which full payment of principal or interest is not expected. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. The Company calculates an allowance required for impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of its collateral. If the recorded investment in the impaired loan exceeds the measure of fair value, a valuation allowance is required as a component of the allowance for loan losses. Changes to the valuation allowance are recorded as a component of the provision for loan losses.

 

The Company follows the FASB accounting guidance on sales of financial assets, which includes participating interests in loans. For loan participations that are structured in accordance with this guidance, the sold portions are recorded as a reduction of the loan portfolio. Loan participations that do not meet the criteria are accounted for as secured borrowings.

 

Loans Held for Sale

 

Loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. For loans carried at the lower of cost or fair value, gains and losses on loan sales (sales proceeds minus carrying value) are recorded in noninterest income, and direct loan origination costs and fees are deferred at origination of the loan and are recognized in noninterest income upon sale of the loan. At March 31, 2022, there were no loans held for sale, and at  December 31, 2021, there were $0.6 million in loans held for sale.

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The allowance for loan losses is estimated through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the loan balance is uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

 

The allowance is an amount that management believes will be adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date based on evaluations of the collectability of loans and prior loan loss experience. The evaluations take into consideration such factors as changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, overall portfolio quality, review of specific problem loans, and current economic conditions that may affect the borrower’s ability to pay. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. Allowances for impaired loans are generally determined based on collateral values or the present value of estimated cash flows. Credits deemed uncollectible are charged to the allowance. Provisions for loan losses and recoveries on loans previously charged off are added to the allowance. Past due status is determined based on contractual terms.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

The allowance consists of allocated and general components. The allocated component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. Based on management’s review and observations made through qualitative review, management may apply qualitative adjustments to determine loss estimates at a group and/or portfolio segment level as deemed appropriate. Management has an established methodology to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses that assesses the risks and losses inherent in its portfolio and portfolio segments. The Company utilizes an internally developed model that requires judgment to determine the estimation method that fits the credit risk characteristics of the loans in its portfolio and portfolio segments. Qualitative and environmental factors that may not be directly reflected in quantitative estimates include: asset quality trends, changes in loan concentrations, new products and process changes, changes and pressures from competition, changes in lending policies and underwriting practices, trends in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, changes in experience and depth of lending staff and management and national and regional economic trends. The Company also considers third party or comparable company loss data. Changes in these factors are considered in determining changes in the allowance for loan losses. The impact of these factors on the Company’s qualitative assessment of the allowance for loan losses can change from period to period based on management’s assessment of the extent to which these factors are already reflected in historic loss rates. The uncertainty inherent in the estimation process is also considered in evaluating the allowance for loan losses.

 

In the ordinary course of business, the Bank enters into commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded in the financial statements when they become payable. The credit risk associated with these commitments is evaluated in a manner similar to the allowance for loan losses. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments is included in accrued taxes and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. The reserve for unfunded loan commitments was $0.7 million at both  March 31, 2022 and  December 31, 2021.

 

Acquisition Accounting

 

Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. Purchased assets and assumed liabilities are recorded at their respective acquisition date fair values, and identifiable intangible assets are recorded at fair value. If the consideration given exceeds the fair value of the net assets received, goodwill is recognized. If the fair value of the net assets received exceeds the consideration given, a bargain purchase gain is recognized. Fair values are subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of an acquisition as information relative to closing date fair values becomes available.

 

Loans acquired in a business combination are recorded at their estimated fair value as of the acquisition date. The fair value of loans acquired is determined using a discounted cash flow model based on assumptions regarding the amount and timing of principal and interest prepayments, estimated payments, estimated default rates, estimated loss severity in the event of defaults, and current market rates. Estimated credit losses are included in the determination of fair value; therefore, an allowance for loan losses is not recorded on the acquisition date. The fair value adjustment is amortized over the life of the loan using the effective interest method, except for those loans accounted for under ASC Topic 310-30, discussed below. An allowance for acquired loans not accounted for under ASC Topic 310-30 is only recorded to the extent that the reserve requirement exceeds the remaining fair value adjustment.

 

The Company accounts for acquired impaired loans under ASC Topic 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality (“ASC 310-30”). An acquired loan is considered impaired when there is evidence of credit deterioration since origination and it is probable, at the date of acquisition, that we will be unable to collect all contractually required payments. ASC 310-30 prohibits the carryover of an allowance for loan losses for acquired impaired loans. Over the life of the acquired loans, we continually estimate the cash flows expected to be collected on individual loans or on pools of loans sharing common risk characteristics. As of the end of each fiscal quarter, we evaluate the present value of the acquired loans using the effective interest rates. For any increases in cash flows expected to be collected, we adjust the amount of accretable yield recognized on a prospective basis over the loan’s or pool’s remaining life, while we recognize a provision for loan losses in the consolidated statement of operations if the cash flows expected to be collected have decreased.

 

Reclassifications

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2021 financial statements to be consistent with the 2022 presentation, if applicable.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk

 

The Company’s loan portfolio consists of the various types of loans described in Note 5. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses. Real estate or other assets secure most loans. The majority of loans have been made to individuals and businesses in the Company’s market of southeast Louisiana. Customers are dependent on the condition of the local economy for their livelihoods and servicing their loan obligations. The Company does not have any significant concentrations in any one industry or individual customer.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

 

FASB ASC Topic 326 Financial Instruments Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments Update No. 2016-13. The FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 in June 2016. The ASU requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization’s portfolio. In addition, ASU 2016-13 amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU 2016-13 on our financial statements. In that regard, we have formed a cross-functional working group, under the direction of our Chief Financial Officer and our Chief Risk Officer. The working group is comprised of individuals from various functional areas including credit, risk management, finance and information technology. We have developed an implementation plan to include assessment of processes, portfolio segmentation, model development and validation, system requirements and the identification of data and resource needs, among other things. We have also selected a third-party vendor solution to assist us in the application of ASU 2016-13.

 

The adoption of ASU 2016-13 is likely to result in an increase in the allowance for loan losses as a result of changing from an “incurred loss” model, which encompasses allowances for current known and inherent losses within the portfolio, to an “expected loss” model, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. Furthermore, ASU 2016-13 will necessitate that we establish an allowance for expected credit losses on debt securities. While we are currently unable to reasonably estimate the impact of adopting ASU 2016-13, we expect that the impact of adoption will be significantly influenced by the composition, characteristics and quality of our loan and securities portfolios, as well as the prevailing economic conditions and forecasts, as of the adoption date.

 

This amendment was originally effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. In July 2019, the FASB proposed changes that would delay the effective date for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC, and other non-SEC reporting entities. In October 2019, the FASB voted in favor of finalizing its proposal to delay the effective date of this standard to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. ASU 2016-13 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2023. 

 

FASB ASC Topic 848 Reference Rate Reform: Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting” Update No. 2020-04. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, which is intended to provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. This guidance has been effective since March 12, 2020, and the Company may elect to apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of the amendment and the impact on its future consolidated financial statements.

 

FASB ASC Topic 326 Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures Update No. 2022-02. The FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02 in March 2022. The ASU eliminates the accounting guidance for TDRs and, instead, requires that an entity evaluate whether the modification represents a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan. The amendment also requires that public business entities disclose current-period gross charge-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases. The guidance is effective for entities that have adopted ASU 2016-13 for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. These amendments should be applied prospectively. ASU 2016-13 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of the amendment and the impact on its future consolidated financial statements.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

 

NOTE 2. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

 

Cheaha Financial Group, Inc.

 

On  April 1, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Cheaha Financial Group, Inc. (“Cheaha”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Cheaha Bank, in Oxford, Alabama for an aggregate cash consideration of approximately $41.1 million. After fair value adjustments, the acquisition added $240.8 million in total assets, including $120.4 million in loans, and $207.0 million in deposits. As consideration paid was in excess of the net fair value of acquired assets, the Company recorded $11.9 million of goodwill. Goodwill resulted from a combination of synergies and cost savings, and further expansion into Alabama with the addition of four branch locations.

 

The table below shows the allocation of the consideration paid for Cheaha's common equity to the acquired identifiable assets and liabilities assumed and the goodwill generated from the transaction (dollars in thousands). The fair values listed below, primarily related to loans and deferred tax assets and liabilities, are subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition as additional information becomes available.

 

Purchase price:

    

Cash paid

 $41,067 
     

Fair value of assets acquired:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

  49,179 

Investment securities

  60,938 

Loans

  120,395 

Bank premises and equipment

  5,407 

Core deposit intangible asset

  848 

Bank owned life insurance

  3,023 

Other assets

  1,012 

Total assets acquired

  240,802 
     

Fair value of liabilities acquired:

    

Deposits

  206,986 

Notes payable

  2,327 

Other liabilities

  2,366 

Total liabilities assumed

  211,679 
     

Fair value of net assets acquired

  29,123 

Goodwill

 $11,944 


The fair value of net assets acquired includes a fair value adjustment to loans as of the acquisition date. The adjustment for the acquired loan portfolio is based on current market interest rates at the time of acquisition, and the Company’s initial evaluation of credit losses identified. The contractually required principal and interest payments of the loans acquired from Cheaha total $134.8 million. Loans acquired from Cheaha that are considered to be purchased credit impaired loans had a balance of $0.2 million at the time of acquisition. The contractually required principal and interest payments of these loans total $0.2 million, of which $0.1 million is not expected to be collected.

 

Acquisition Expense

 

There were no acquisition expenses recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2022. Acquisition related costs of $0.4 million are included in acquisition expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and are related to the acquisition of Cheaha. 

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

 

NOTE 3. EARNINGS PER SHARE

 

The following is a summary of the information used in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands, except share data).

 

  

Three months ended March 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Earnings per common share - basic

        

Net income

 $10,103  $5,360 

Less: income allocated to participating securities

  (16)  (20)

Net income allocated to common shareholders

  10,087   5,340 

Weighted average basic shares outstanding

  10,335,334   10,509,468 

Basic earnings per common share

 $0.98  $0.51 
         

Earnings per common share - diluted

        

Net income allocated to common shareholders

 $10,087  $5,340 

Weighted average basic shares outstanding

  10,335,334   10,509,468 

Dilutive effect of securities

  70,449   57,705 

Total weighted average diluted shares outstanding

  10,405,783   10,567,173 

Diluted earnings per common share

 $0.97  $0.51 

 

The weighted average shares that have an antidilutive effect in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share and have been excluded from the computations above are shown below.

 

  

Three months ended March 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Restricted stock awards

  11   209 

Restricted stock units

  3,328   8,242 

 

 

NOTE 4. INVESTMENT SECURITIES

 

The amortized cost and approximate fair value of investment securities classified as AFS are summarized below as of the dates presented (dollars in thousands).

 

      

Gross

  

Gross

     
      

Unrealized

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

 
  

Amortized Cost

  

Gains

  

Losses

  

Value

 

March 31, 2022

                

Obligations of U.S. government agencies and corporations

 $20,687  $102  $(129) $20,660 

Obligations of state and political subdivisions

  27,871   30   (1,001)  26,900 

Corporate bonds

  26,475   61   (1,379)  25,157 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

  282,726   132   (17,563)  265,295 

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

  79,000   179   (3,414)  75,765 

Total

 $436,759  $504  $(23,486) $413,777 

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

      

Gross

  

Gross

     
      

Unrealized

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

 
  

Amortized Cost

  

Gains

  

Losses

  

Value

 

December 31, 2021

                

Obligations of U.S. government agencies and corporations

 $21,143  $152  $(27) $21,268 

Obligations of state and political subdivisions

  32,330   468   (213)  32,585 

Corporate bonds

  27,777   235   (345)  27,667 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

  200,696   711   (1,503)  199,904 

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

  74,693   369   (977)  74,085 

Total

 $356,639  $1,935  $(3,065) $355,509 

 

Proceeds from sales of investment securities classified as AFS and gross gains and losses are summarized below for the periods presented (dollars in thousands).

 

  

Three months ended March 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Proceeds from sale

 $  $17,123 

Gross gains

 $  $602 

Gross losses

 $  $(2)

 

The amortized cost and approximate fair value of investment securities classified as HTM are summarized below as of the dates presented (dollars in thousands). 

 

      

Gross

  

Gross

     
      

Unrealized

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

 
  

Amortized Cost

  

Gains

  

Losses

  

Value

 

March 31, 2022

                

Obligations of state and political subdivisions

 $6,786  $15  $  $6,801 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

  3,140      (41)  3,099 

Total

 $9,926  $15  $(41) $9,900 

 

      

Gross

  

Gross

     
      

Unrealized

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

 
  

Amortized Cost

  

Gains

  

Losses

  

Value

 

December 31, 2021

                

Obligations of state and political subdivisions

 $6,910  $367  $  $7,277 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

  3,345   105      3,450 

Total

 $10,255  $472  $  $10,727 

 

Securities are classified in the consolidated balance sheets according to management’s intent. The Company had no securities classified as trading as of March 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

The number of AFS securities, fair value, and unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, are summarized below as of the dates presented (amounts in thousands, except number of securities).

 

      

Less than 12 Months

  

12 Months or More

  

Total

 
          

Unrealized

      

Unrealized

      

Unrealized

 
  

Count

  

Fair Value

  

Losses

  

Fair Value

  

Losses

  

Fair Value

  

Losses

 

March 31, 2022

                            

Obligations of U.S. government agencies and corporations

  15  $3,948  $(112) $1,445  $(17) $5,393  $(129)

Obligations of state and political subdivisions

  26   10,140   (949)  683   (52)  10,823   (1,001)

Corporate bonds

  45   18,377   (1,112)  2,233   (267)  20,610   (1,379)

Residential mortgage-backed securities

  409   237,279   (16,491)  10,984   (1,072)  248,263   (17,563)

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

  89   46,836   (3,012)  11,797   (402)  58,633   (3,414)

Total

  584  $316,580  $(21,676) $27,142  $(1,810) $343,722  $(23,486)

 

      

Less than 12 Months

  

12 Months or More

  

Total

 
          

Unrealized

      

Unrealized

      

Unrealized

 
  

Count

  

Fair Value

  

Losses

  

Fair Value

  

Losses

  

Fair Value

  

Losses

 

December 31, 2021

                            

Obligations of U.S. government agencies and corporations

  8  $1,438  $(25) $668  $(2) $2,106  $(27)

Obligations of state and political subdivisions

  12   10,803   (213)        10,803   (213)

Corporate bonds

  22   10,197   (254)  2,409   (91)  12,606   (345)

Residential mortgage-backed securities

  150   156,862   (1,503)        156,862   (1,503)

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

  64   44,055   (941)  6,284   (36)  50,339   (977)

Total

  256  $223,355  $(2,936) $9,361  $(129) $232,716  $(3,065)

 

The number of HTM securities, fair value, and unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, are summarized below as of  March 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands, except number of securities). There were no HTM securities in a continuous loss position as of  December 31, 2021.

 

      

Less than 12 Months

  

12 Months or More

  

Total

 
          

Unrealized

      

Unrealized

      

Unrealized

 
  

Count

  

Fair Value

  

Losses

  

Fair Value

  

Losses

  

Fair Value

  

Losses

 

March 31, 2022

                            

Residential mortgage-backed securities

  8  $3,043  $(41) $  $  $3,043  $(41)

Total

  8  $3,043  $(41) $  $  $3,043  $(41)

 

Unrealized losses are generally due to changes in interest rates. The Company has the intent to hold these securities either until maturity or a forecasted recovery, and it is more likely than not that the Company will not have to sell the securities before the recovery of their amortized cost basis. Due to the nature of the investment, current market prices, and the current interest rate environment, the Company does not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021.

 

The amortized cost and approximate fair value of investment debt securities, by contractual maturity, are shown below as of the dates presented (dollars in thousands). Actual maturities  may differ from contractual maturities due to mortgage-backed securities whereby borrowers  may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties and certain callable bonds whereby the issuer has the option to call the bonds prior to contractual maturity.

 

  

Securities Available For Sale

  

Securities Held To Maturity

 
  

Amortized

  

Fair

  

Amortized

  

Fair

 
  

Cost

  

Value

  

Cost

  

Value

 

March 31, 2022

                

Due within one year

 $280  $282  $870  $872 

Due after one year through five years

  13,462   13,293   1,875   1,881 

Due after five years through ten years

  48,009   46,880   4,041   4,048 

Due after ten years

  375,008   353,322   3,140   3,099 

Total debt securities

 $436,759  $413,777  $9,926  $9,900 

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

  

Securities Available For Sale

  

Securities Held To Maturity

 
  

Amortized

  

Fair

  

Amortized

  

Fair

 
  

Cost

  

Value

  

Cost

  

Value

 

December 31, 2021

                

Due within one year

 $726  $726  $870  $902 

Due after one year through five years

  14,189   14,327   1,875   2,018 

Due after five years through ten years

  51,988   52,376   4,165   4,356 

Due after ten years

  289,736   288,080   3,345   3,451 

Total debt securities

 $356,639  $355,509  $10,255  $10,727 

 

At March 31, 2022, securities with a carrying value of $158.9 million were pledged to secure certain deposits, borrowings, and other liabilities, compared to $118.2 million in pledged securities at December 31, 2021.

 

 

NOTE 5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

 

The Company’s loan portfolio, excluding loans held for sale, consists of the following categories of loans as of the dates presented (dollars in thousands).

 

  

March 31, 2022

  

December 31, 2021

 

Construction and development

 $201,222  $203,204 

1-4 Family

  367,520   364,307 

Multifamily

  52,500   59,570 

Farmland

  18,296   20,128 

Commercial real estate

  908,210   896,377 

Total mortgage loans on real estate

  1,547,748   1,543,586 

Commercial and industrial

  314,093   310,831 

Consumer

  15,603   17,595 

Total loans

 $1,877,444  $1,872,012 

 

Unamortized premiums and discounts on loans, included in the total loans balances above, were $1.1 million and $1.9 million at March 31, 2022 and  December 31, 2021, respectively, and unearned income, or deferred fees, on loans was $1.5 million and $1.8 million at March 31, 2022 and  December 31, 2021, respectively and is also included in the total loans balance in the table above.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

The table below provides an analysis of the aging of loans, excluding loans held for sale, as of the dates presented (dollars in thousands).

 

  

March 31, 2022

 
  

Accruing

                 
  

Current

  

30-59 Days Past Due

  

60-89 Days Past Due

  

90 Days or More Past Due

  

Nonaccrual

  

Total Past Due & Nonaccrual

  

Acquired Impaired Loans

  

Total Loans

 

Construction and development

 $200,950  $  $  $  $272  $272  $  $201,222 

1-4 Family

  361,695   4,867   83      548   5,498   327   367,520 

Multifamily

  52,500                     52,500 

Farmland

  17,545   20         74   94   657   18,296 

Commercial real estate

  894,782   82   170      12,540   12,792   636   908,210 

Total mortgage loans on real estate

  1,527,472   4,969   253      13,434   18,656   1,620   1,547,748 

Commercial and industrial

  302,895   239   114   47   10,798   11,198      314,093 

Consumer

  15,170   132   54      186   372   61   15,603 

Total loans

 $1,845,537  $5,340  $421  $47  $24,418  $30,226  $1,681  $1,877,444 

 

  

December 31, 2021

 
  

Accruing

                 
  

Current

  

30-59 Days Past Due

  

60-89 Days Past Due

  

90 Days or More Past Due

  

Nonaccrual

  

Total Past Due & Nonaccrual

  

Acquired Impaired Loans

  

Total Loans

 

Construction and development

 $202,850  $55  $11  $  $288  $354  $  $203,204 

1-4 Family

  360,434   1,933   182      1,410   3,525   348   364,307 

Multifamily

  59,570                     59,570 

Farmland

  18,348            79   79   1,701   20,128 

Commercial real estate

  881,575   170   86      13,910   14,166   636   896,377 

Total mortgage loans on real estate

  1,522,777   2,158   279      15,687   18,124   2,685   1,543,586 

Commercial and industrial

  295,323   4,044   57   53   11,354   15,508      310,831 

Consumer

  17,238   89   18      186   293   64   17,595 

Total loans

 $1,835,338  $6,291  $354  $53  $27,227  $33,925  $2,749  $1,872,012 

 

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans

 

Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory provisions. In determining whether or not a borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations for each class of loans, the borrower’s debt service capacity is considered through the analysis of current financial information, if available, and/or current information with regard to the collateral position. Regulatory provisions would typically require the placement of a loan on nonaccrual status if (i) principal or interest has been in default for a period of 90 days or more unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection or (ii) full payment of principal and interest is not expected. Loans may be placed on nonaccrual status regardless of whether or not such loans are considered past due. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income on nonaccrual loans is recognized only to the extent that cash payments are received in excess of principal due. A loan may be returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and payment of future principal and interest amounts contractually due are reasonably assured, which is typically evidenced by a sustained period (at least six months) of repayment performance by the borrower.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

Loans Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality

 

The Company accounts for certain loans acquired as acquired impaired loans under ASC 310-30 due to evidence of credit deterioration at acquisition and the probability that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payments. The acquired impaired loans had no accretable yield recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

 

Portfolio Segment Risk Factors

 

The following describes the risk characteristics relevant to each of the Company’s loan portfolio segments.

 

Construction and Development - Construction and development loans are generally made for the purpose of acquisition and development of land to be improved through the construction of commercial and residential buildings. The successful repayment of these types of loans is generally dependent upon a commitment for permanent financing from the Company, or from the sale of the constructed property. These loans carry more risk than commercial or residential real estate loans due to the dynamics of construction projects, changes in interest rates, the long-term financing market, and state and local government regulations. One such risk is that loan funds are advanced upon the security of the property under construction, which is of uncertain value prior to the completion of construction. Thus, it is more difficult to evaluate accurately the total loan funds required to complete a project and to calculate related loan-to-value ratios. The Company attempts to minimize the risks associated with construction lending by limiting loan-to-value ratios as described above. In addition, as to speculative development loans, the Company generally makes such loans only to borrowers that have a positive pre-existing relationship with us. The Company manages risk by using specific underwriting policies and procedures for these types of loans and by avoiding excessive concentrations in any one business or industry.

 

1-4 Family - The 1-4 family portfolio mainly consists of residential mortgage loans to consumers to finance a primary residence. The majority of these loans are secured by properties located in the Company’s market areas and carry risks associated with the creditworthiness of the borrower and changes in the value of the collateral and loan-to-value-ratios. The Company manages these risks through policies and procedures such as limiting loan-to-value ratios at origination, employing experienced underwriting personnel, requiring standards for appraisers, and not making subprime loans.

 

Multifamily - Multifamily loans are normally made to real estate investors to support permanent financing for multifamily residential income producing properties that rely on the successful operation of the property for repayment. This management mainly involves property maintenance and collection of rents due from tenants. This type of lending carries a lower level of risk, as compared to other commercial lending. In addition, underwriting requirements for multifamily properties are stricter than for other non-owner-occupied property types. The Company manages this risk by avoiding concentrations with any particular customer.

 

Farmland - Farmland loans are often for land improvements related to agricultural endeavors and may include construction of new specialized facilities. These loans are usually repaid through the conversion to permanent financing, or if scheduled loan amortization begins, for the long-term benefit of the borrower’s ongoing operations. Underwriting generally involves intensive analysis of the financial strength of the borrower and guarantor, liquidation value of the subject collateral, the associated unguaranteed exposure, and any available secondary sources of repayment, with the greatest emphasis given to a borrower’s capacity to meet cash flow coverage requirements as set forth by Bank policies.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

Commercial Real Estate - Commercial real estate loans are extensions of credit secured by owner occupied and non-owner occupied collateral. Underwriting generally involves intensive analysis of the financial strength of the borrower and guarantor, liquidation value of the subject collateral, the associated unguaranteed exposure, and any available secondary sources of repayment, with the greatest emphasis given to a borrower’s capacity to meet cash flow coverage requirements as set forth by Bank policies. Repayment is commonly derived from the successful ongoing operations of the property. General market conditions and economic activity may impact the performance of these types of loans, including fluctuations in the value of real estate, new job creation trends, and tenant vacancy rates. The Company attempts to limit risk by analyzing a borrower’s cash flow and collateral value on an ongoing basis. The Company also typically requires personal guarantees from the principal owners of the property, supported by a review of their personal financial statements, as an additional means of mitigating our risk. The Company manages risk by avoiding concentrations in any one business or industry.

 

Commercial and Industrial - Commercial and industrial loans receive similar underwriting treatment as commercial real estate loans in that the repayment source is analyzed to determine its ability to meet cash flow coverage requirements as set forth by Bank policies. Repayment of these loans generally comes from the generation of cash flow as the result of the borrower’s business operations. Commercial lending generally involves different risks from those associated with commercial real estate lending or construction lending. Although commercial loans may be collateralized by equipment or other business assets (including real estate, if available as collateral), the repayment of these types of loans depends primarily on the creditworthiness and projected cash flow of the borrower (and any guarantors). Thus, the general business conditions of the local economy and the borrower’s ability to sell its products and services, thereby generating sufficient operating revenue to repay us under the agreed upon terms and conditions, are the chief considerations when assessing the risk of a commercial loan. The liquidation of collateral, if any, is considered a secondary source of repayment because equipment and other business assets may, among other things, be obsolete or of limited resale value. The Company actively monitors certain financial measures of the borrower, including advance rate, cash flow, collateral value and other appropriate credit factors.

 

In the second quarter of 2020, the Bank began participating as a lender in the Small Business Administration’s (“SBA”) and U.S. Department of Treasury’s Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) as established by the CARES Act and enhanced by the Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act and the Paycheck Protection Program Flexibility Act of 2020 (“Flexibility Act”). The PPP was established to provide unsecured low interest rate loans to small businesses that have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The PPP loans are 100% guaranteed by the SBA. The loans have a fixed interest rate of 1% with deferred payments, and if originated before June 5, 2020, mature two years from origination, or if made on or after June 5, 2020, five years from origination. PPP loans are forgiven by the SBA (which makes forgiveness payments directly to the lender) to the extent the borrower uses the proceeds of the loan for certain purposes (primarily to fund payroll costs) during a certain time period following origination and maintains certain employee and compensation levels. Lenders receive processing fees from the SBA for originating the PPP loans which are based on a percentage of the loan amount. In July 2020, the CARES Act was amended to extend the SBA’s authority to make commitments under the PPP, which had previously expired on June 30, 2020. The PPP resumed taking applications on July 6, 2020, and the new deadline to apply for a PPP loan ended on August 8, 2020. On December 27, 2020, the CAA, a $900 billion aid package, was enacted that renewed the PPP and allocated additional funding for new first time PPP loans under the original PPP and also authorized second draw PPP loans for certain eligible borrowers that had previously received a PPP loan. The application period for the renewed PPP lasted from January 1, 2021 to May 31, 2021. At March 31, 2022 and  December 31, 2021 the Company’s loan portfolio included PPP loans with balances of $13.2 million and $23.3 million, respectively, all of which are included in commercial and industrial loans.

 

Consumer - Consumer loans are offered by the Company in order to provide a full range of retail financial services to its customers and include auto loans, credit cards, and other consumer installment loans. Typically, the Company evaluates the borrower’s repayment ability through a review of credit scores and an evaluation of debt to income ratios. Repayment of consumer loans depends upon key consumer economic measures and upon the borrower’s financial stability, and is more likely to be adversely affected by divorce, job loss, illness and personal hardships than repayment of other loans. A shortfall in the value of any collateral also may pose a risk of loss to the Company for these types of loans.

 

Credit Quality Indicators

 

Loans are categorized into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt, such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The following definitions are utilized for risk ratings, which are consistent with the definitions used in supervisory guidance:

 

Pass - Loans not meeting the criteria below are considered pass. These loans have high credit characteristics and financial strength. The borrowers at least generate profits and cash flow that are in line with peer and industry standards and have debt service coverage ratios above loan covenants and our policy guidelines. For some of these loans, a guaranty from a financially capable party mitigates characteristics of the borrower that might otherwise result in a lower grade.

 

Special Mention - Loans classified as special mention possess some credit deficiencies that need to be corrected to avoid a greater risk of default in the future. For example, financial ratios relating to the borrower may have deteriorated. Often, a special mention categorization is temporary while certain factors are analyzed or matters addressed before the loan is re-categorized as either pass or substandard.

 

Substandard - Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or the liquidation value of any collateral. If deficiencies are not addressed, it is likely that this category of loan will result in the Bank incurring a loss. Where a borrower has been unable to adjust to industry or general economic conditions, the borrower’s loan is often categorized as substandard.

 

Doubtful - Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

Loss - Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as recorded assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the assets have absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off these assets.

 

The table below presents the Company’s loan portfolio, excluding loans held for sale, by category and credit quality indicator as of the dates presented (dollars in thousands).

 

  

March 31, 2022

 
      

Special

             
  

Pass

  

Mention

  

Substandard

  

Doubtful

  

Total

 

Construction and development

 $198,808  $812  $1,602  $  $201,222 

1-4 Family

  362,187      5,333      367,520 

Multifamily

  52,040      460      52,500 

Farmland

  17,564      732      18,296 

Commercial real estate

  888,686   3,838   15,686      908,210 

Total mortgage loans on real estate

  1,519,285   4,650   23,813      1,547,748 

Commercial and industrial

  299,985   1,079   12,542   487   314,093 

Consumer

  15,312   18   273      15,603 

Total loans

 $1,834,582  $5,747  $36,628  $487  $1,877,444 

 

  

December 31, 2021

 
      

Special

             
  

Pass

  

Mention

  

Substandard

  

Doubtful

  

Total

 

Construction and development

 $200,788  $818  $1,598  $  $203,204 

1-4 Family

  358,062   38   6,207      364,307 

Multifamily

  59,113      457      59,570 

Farmland

  18,348      1,780      20,128 

Commercial real estate

  872,951   3,891   19,535      896,377 

Total mortgage loans on real estate

  1,509,262   4,747   29,577      1,543,586 

Commercial and industrial

  290,677   2,523   16,941   690   310,831 

Consumer

  17,269   19   307      17,595 

Total loans

 $1,817,208  $7,289  $46,825  $690  $1,872,012 

 

The Company had no loans that were classified as loss at March 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021.

 

Loan Participations and Sold Loans

 

Loan participations and whole loans sold to and serviced for others are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The balance of the participations and whole loans sold were $28.0 million and $33.0 million at March 31, 2022 and  December 31, 2021, respectively. The unpaid principal balance of these loans was approximately$85.8 million and $91.9 million at March 31, 2022 and  December 31, 2021, respectively.

 

Loans to Related Parties

 

In the ordinary course of business, the Company makes loans to related parties including its executive officers, principal stockholders, directors and their immediate family members, as well as to companies in which these individuals are principal owners. Loans outstanding to such related party borrowers amounted to approximately $101.1 million and $97.6 million as of March 31, 2022 and  December 31, 2021, respectively.

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

The table below shows the aggregate principal balance of loans to such related parties as of the dates presented (dollars in thousands).

 

  

March 31, 2022

  

December 31, 2021

 

Balance, beginning of period

 $97,606  $96,390 

New loans/changes in relationship

  5,371   26,475 

Repayments/changes in relationship

  (1,874)  (25,259)

Balance, end of period

 $101,103  $97,606 

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The table below shows a summary of the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands).

 

  

Three months ended March 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 

Balance, beginning of period

 $20,859  $20,363 

Provision for loan losses

  (449)  400 

Loans charged off

  (329)  (405)

Recoveries

  1,007   65 

Balance, end of period

 $21,088  $20,423 

 

The following tables outline the activity in the allowance for loan losses by collateral type for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, and show both the allowance and portfolio balances for loans individually and collectively evaluated for impairment as of  March 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands).

 

  

Three months ended March 31, 2022

 
  

Construction &

              

Commercial

  

Commercial &

         
  

Development

  

1-4 Family

  

Multifamily

  

Farmland

  

Real Estate

  

Industrial

  

Consumer

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses:

                                

Beginning balance

 $2,347  $3,337  $673  $383  $9,354  $4,411  $354  $20,859 

Provision

  45   (3)  (83)  13   256   (677)     (449)

Charge-offs

           (54)  58   (286)  (47)  (329)

Recoveries

  16   70         1   908   12   1,007 

Ending balance

 $2,408  $3,404  $590  $342  $9,669  $4,356  $319  $21,088 

Ending allowance balance for loans individually evaluated for impairment

                 468   74   542 

Ending allowance balance for loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality

           156            156 

Ending allowance balance for loans collectively evaluated for impairment

  2,408   3,404   590   186   9,669   3,888   245   20,390 

Loans receivable:

                                

Balance of loans individually evaluated for impairment

  508   996      74   12,940   12,518   186   27,222 

Balance of loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality

     327      657   636      61   1,681 

Balance of loans collectively evaluated for impairment

  200,714   366,197   52,500   17,565   894,634   301,575   15,356   1,848,541 

Total period-end balance

 $201,222  $367,520  $52,500  $18,296  $908,210  $314,093  $15,603  $1,877,444 

 

  

Three months ended March 31, 2021

 
  

Construction &

              

Commercial

  

Commercial &

         
  

Development

  

1-4 Family

  

Multifamily

  

Farmland

  

Real Estate

  

Industrial

  

Consumer

  

Total

 

Allowance for loan losses:

                                

Beginning balance

 $2,375  $3,370  $589  $435  $8,496  $4,558  $540  $20,363 

Provision

  (140)  127   107   (40)  547   (122)  (79)  400 

Charge-offs

     (134)           (215)  (56)  (405)

Recoveries

  10   6         2   5   42   65 

Ending balance

 $2,245  $3,369  $696  $395  $9,045  $4,226  $447  $20,423 

Ending allowance balance for loans individually evaluated for impairment

              175   81   103   359 

Ending allowance balance for loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality

           210            210 

Ending allowance balance for loans collectively evaluated for impairment

  2,245   3,369   696   185   8,870   4,145   344   19,854 

Loans receivable:

                                

Balance of loans individually evaluated for impairment

  774   1,532      302   6,654   8,159   298   17,719 

Balance of loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality

     375      1,701   534      37   2,647 

Balance of loans collectively evaluated for impairment

  190,042   339,359   60,844   22,142   822,692   372,375   18,150   1,825,604 

Total period-end balance

 $190,816  $341,266  $60,844  $24,145  $829,880  $380,534  $18,485  $1,845,970 

 

 

INVESTAR HOLDING CORPORATION

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

Impaired Loans

 

The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, the Company determines that it is probable that it will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. Determination of impairment is treated the same across all classes of loans. When the Company identifies a loan as impaired, it measures the impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except when the sole (remaining) source of repayment for the loans is the operation or liquidation of the collateral. In these cases when foreclosure is probable, the Company uses the current fair value of the collateral, less selling costs, instead of discounted cash flows. If the Company determines that the value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (net of previous charge-offs, deferred loan fees or costs, and unamortized premium or discount), the Company recognizes impairment through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance.

 

When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of an impaired loan is in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual, all payments are applied to principal, under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of an impaired loan is not in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual, contractual interest is credited to interest income when received, under the cash basis method.

 

The following tables contain information on the Company’s impaired loans, which include TDRs, discussed in more detail below, and nonaccrual loans individually evaluated for impairment for purposes of determining the allowance for loan losses (dollars in thousands).

 

  

March 31, 2022

 
  

Recorded Investment

  

Unpaid Principal Balance

  

Related Allowance

 

With no related allowance recorded:

            

Construction and development

 $508  $791  $ 

1-4 Family

  996   1,087    

Farmland

  74   79    

Commercial real estate

  12,940   23,355    

Total mortgage loans on real estate

  14,518   25,312    
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